WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS

Division of Biology & Biomedical Sciences
Computational and Molecular Biophysics Program

Dissertation Examination Committee:
Gregory R. Bowman, Chair
Kendall J. Blumer
Rohit V. Pappu
Linda J. Pike
Jay W. Ponder
Janice L. Robertson

Understanding and Exploiting Protein Allostery and Dynamics
Using Molecular Simulations
by
Sukrit Singh

A dissertation presented to
The Graduate School
of Washington University
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree
of Doctor of Philosophy

January 2021
St. Louis, Missouri

© 2020, Sukrit Singh

List of Figures
List of Tables
Acknowledgments
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
 1.1 Protein conformational landscapes encode functional information.
 1.2 The Folding@home platform allows access to protein motions at biologically relevant timescales.
 1.3 Allosteric communication is critical for protein function, but difficult to infer.
 1.4 Scope of thesis.
Chapter 2 Quantifying allosteric communication via both concerted structural changes and conformational disorder
 2.1 Abstract
 2.2 Introduction
 2.3 Theory and methods
 2.4 Results and discussion
 2.5 Conclusion
 2.6 Acknowledgements
Chapter 3 Simulation of spontaneous G protein activation reveals a new intermediate driving GDP unbinding
 3.1 Abstract
 3.2 Introduction
 3.3 Results and Discussion
 3.4 Conclusion
 3.5 Materials and Methods
 3.6 Acknowledgements
Chapter 4 Discovery of a cryptic allosteric site in Ebola’s ‘undruggable’ VP35 protein using simulations and experiments
 4.1 Abstract
 4.2 Introduction
 4.3 Results
 4.4 Discussion.
 4.5 Methods
 4.6 Acknowledgements
Chapter 5 The SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein is dynamic, disordered, and phase separates with RNA.
 5.1 Abstract
 5.2 Introduction
 5.3 Results
 5.4 Discussion
 5.5 Methods
 5.6 Acknowledgements
Chapter 6 Citizen Scientists Create an Exascale Computer to Combat COVID-19
 6.1 Abstract
 6.2 Introduction
 6.3 Results and discussion
 6.4 Discussion
 6.5 Methods
 6.6 Acknowledgements
 6.7 Disclosures
Chapter 7 Antagonism between substitutions in β-lactamase explains a path not taken in the evolution of bacterial drug resistance
 7.1 Abstract
 7.2 Introduction
 7.3 Results
 7.4 Discussion
 7.5 Methods
 7.6 Author contributions
 7.7 Acknowledgments
 7.8 Additional information.
Chapter 8 Conclusions
 8.1 Main findings
 8.2 Future directions
Appendix A Supplementary Material on the CARDS method
 A.1 Supplementary Methods
 A.2 Supplementary Figures
Appendix B Supplementary figures highlighting the mechanism of GDP release
 B.1 Supplementary Figures
Appendix C Supplementary Material to ”Discovery of a cryptic allosteric site in Ebola’s ’undruggable’ VP35 protein”
 C.1 Supplementary Material
Appendix D Supplementary Material on the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein
 D.1 Supplementary Methods
 D.2 Supplementary Figures
Appendix E Supplementary Material on ”Antagonism between substitutions in β-lactamase explains a path not taken in the evolution of bacterial drug resistance”
 E.1 Supplementary Data
Bibliography